ABSTRACT
The new Coronavirus (COVID-19) infection has been confirmed to cause pneumonia with a total of 45,171 cases (as of February 12, 2020). Outbreaks can create significant psychological distress, which can cause unfavorable effects on overall psychological health. Psychological stress is proven to affect a person's immune system. Being in a state of prolonged crisis will disrupt the body's defenses. And in fact, the body's immunity will decrease. This study was conducted to be able to assess the relationship between the degree of emotional stress using the DASS 21 questionnaire with the clinical features and the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19 patients treated at Andalas University Hospital. A cross-sectional study was carried out on confirmed COVID-19 patients in the isolation room of the Andalas University Hospital. Data were obtained from interviews, medical records, and blood laboratory examinations. Bivariate analysis of each variable using the Spearman test and using multiple-use tests. A total of 100 subjects who determined the selection criteria were included in the study, the affected ages ranged from 18 to 40 years (45%), with 54 (54%) of whom were women. Based on the analysis of multiple trials in this study, there is no significant relationship between emotional stress, clinical features, and neutrophil lymphocytes ratio, but it was found that there is a strong relationship between moderate to severe emotional stress and clinical features and ratio of lymphocyte neutrophils. There is a weak relationship between emotional stress, clinical features, and the ratio of neutrophil lymphocytes in patients with COVID - 19 at the Andalas University Hospital, but in the patient with emotional stress moderate-severe, there is a strong relationship between clinical features and the ratio of lymphocytes and neutrophils. © 2023 AIP Publishing LLC.
ABSTRACT
During the Covid-19 outbreak, learning media that make online learning easier for students are required. The objective of this study was to create educational media in the form of digital puzzles using the Construct 2 application. The ADDIE model was used in this study consisting of Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate, but being modified up to the development stage. The digital puzzle's material was Pancasila principles. The material was chosen based on an initial needs analysis showing that first graders in elementary school could not understand the symbols for Pancasila's principles. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data in the form of a validation instrument. Two experts, primarily material and media experts, validated the instrument. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques were used in the analysis. The results of interviews were analyzed qualitatively, while the validation instruments were analyzed quantitatively. Based on quantitative data, validation results from material experts were categorized as very proper while media expert validation was categorized as very proper. © 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
A pandemic is an epidemic of an infectious disease that spreads over a wider area, multiple continents, or the entire world at the same time. Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic on March 11th, 2020, the world has entered a global emergency phase. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way of life and become a stressor in this century. Various factors become stressors during a pandemic. Many people experience negative emotions, such as fear, anxiety, and depression, during the COVID-19 pandemic. When negative emotions are no longer controlled, they will have a negative effect on the autonomic nervous system and cerebral cortex, causing psychosomatic and somatic symptoms. Many studies have shown a significant relationship between perceived stress and psychosomatic complaints. Research has also shown that stress during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increase in psychosomatic symptoms. In the future, negative emotions during a pandemic, if not managed properly, can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Peoples who are vulnerable to mental disorders due to COVID-19 include people with chronic diseases. Stressors during a pandemic can exacerbate anxiety, depression, and chronic stress in people with chronic diseases, causing exacerbations of chronic diseases, increasing somatic symptoms, and decreasing immune responses, resulting in increased infection and mortality risk.
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic requires attractive learning media for online learning. According to the initial needs analysis, fifth- grade elementary school students were less interested in studying social sciences. As a result, the writer developed digital comics as an alternative to social studies learning material on Indonesia's geographical characteristics. The development of an ADDIE model was used toconduct this research. The data were collected using interviews and questionnaires. The digital comics developed in this study were validated by three experts, namely material, language, and media experts. The validation of material obtained a percentage of 83%, categorized as good category, 88% for language validation which was categorized as very good category, and media experts with the percentage of 80%, categorized as a good category. Furthermore, the developed digital comic was properly used and was an interesting learning media solution in social studies learning, notably during the Covid-19 pandemic. © 2021 IEEE.